In this unit you will learn how to analyze a song – step by step. In addition, listening carefully to the lyrics of songs improves your listening skills.
Once you’ve chosen a song, follow these steps:
0. Pre-Listening
- What words do you expect in the lyrics based on the title?
- What general mood or emotions do you expect?
1. Listen to the song
- Listen to the song several times.
- First time: focus on your overall impression (mood, feelings).
- Second/third time: pay attention to the lyrics, the musicand (if possible) the music video
2. Answer the Wh-Questions
Answer the following questions in complete sentences:
- Who wrote the song?
- When was the song published?
- What is the main theme of the song?
- Which genre does the song belong to?
- Why do you think the artist wrote this song?
3. Introduction
Write a short introduction (2-4 sentences) that includes:
- Title of the song
- Name of the artist/band
- Year of release
- Main theme
- Music genre
4. Lyrics
Analyze the lyrics:
- What is the song about?
- Is there a story, a message, or a problem?
- Which emotions are expressed?
- Are there any important words, repetitions, or metaphors?
5. Musical Style
Describe the musical style:
- Tempo (fast, slow, medium)
- Mood (happy, sad, calm, angry, energetic, etc.)
- Instruments
- Does the music match the lyrics? Why or why not?
6. Summary
- Summarize the most important points.
- How does the song affect you?
- Do you like the song? Give reasons for your opinion.
Useful phrases for a Song Analysis
Introduction
- “This song presents the theme of…“
- “The song was released during a period when…“
- “At the time of its release…“
Describing structure
- “The repetition of the chorus…“
- “The verse–chorus pattern…“
- “The lack of a clear structure…“
- “The structure is regular / unusual / repetitive“
Describing the lyrics/words
- “The lyrics convey a melancholic/hopeful/euphoric mood.“
- “The lyrics suggest a struggle between…“
- “The use of imagery…“
- “The choice of words…“
- “The repeated phrase…“
Describing the mood or tone
- “The metaphor of…“
- “The contrast between lines…“
- “This creates a feeling of…“
- “The dominant instruments contribute to / emphasize …“
Intention of the artist
- “The writer wants to express...“
- “This may suggest…“
- “This emphasizes…“
- “The writer appears to question…“
Summary
- “In summary, the song explores / reflects …“
- “To conclude, the song highlights / emphasizes …“
- “The song’s message centers on / focuses on …“