Surfing 
	
1. Go to http://www.lava.net/~poda/history.html  or any other website and find out 

-	when the first people arrived from Tahiti on the islands of Hawaii 
-	when Captain James Cook discovered Hawaii
-	what happened to him in 1779
-	why 1810 is important for the history of Hawaii
-	when Hawaii is annexed to the USA
-	what happened on Hawaii on December 7th,1941 
-	when Hawaii became the 50th state
-	when Kilauea volcano erupted on the Big Island
-	when the last sugar plantation closed on Hawaii

2. Captain James Cook who discovered Hawaii in 1778
The first residents of Hawaii reached the islands approximately two thousand years ago. They may have come from the Marquesas Islands, which are north of Tahiti. Many more Tahitian immigrants arrived in Hawaii in the 14th and 15th centuries. 
In Europe Hawaii was forgotten, then rediscovered in 1778 by British explorer James Cook. Captain Cook named Hawaii "the Sandwich Islands" after his sponsor, John Montagu, the fourth Earl of Sandwich, the inventor of the sandwich. At first, it is said, the Hawaiians thought Cook and his crew members were gods. The Europeans' fair skin and light eyes amazed the Hawaiians, as did their guns and mirrors. But eventually the natives began to suspect the white men weren't really gods. For one thing, they could feel pain.
In 1779 Cook visited one of the islands and left, then returned to repair a broken mast. A Hawaiian chief named Palea stole a boat from one of Cook's ships, and Cook and his men decided to detain another chief until the boat was returned. Because one of the officers was sick, Cook took his place in the arrest party. Fighting broke out between the whites and Hawaiians. Cook beat a chief with a sword. The chief hit Cook and the captain fell on some lava rocks, groaning. Now the chief knew for sure that Captain Cook wasn't a god - and he killed Cook and four of his men. 

-	Read this short text about Captain Cook and his adventures on Hawaii.
-	Find more information, e.g. maps, drawings, reports, about his voyages to Hawaii.
(Quelle: http://www.royalty.nu/America/Hawaii.html)

3. Some facts about Hawaii

•	Work out the absolute figures of each of the ethnic groups.
Population (1998): 1,193,001
Ethnicity (1998):
Caucasian: 22%           	
Hawaiian/part Hawaiian: 21%
Japanese: 18%
Filipino: 13%
Hispanic origin: 7.3%    
Chinese: 3%
Black: 1%

•	Get a map and prove this hypothesis: 
Hawaii is the most geographically isolated population centre on earth. 
Find out how many miles Hawaii is away from   
the Marshall Islands,                  from Japan,
from California,                          from China,
from Tahiti,                                 from the Philippines.
•	Can you prove this?

The dormant volcano Mauna Kea (on the Big Island) can be called the tallest mountain in the world, if measured from its base in the Hawaiian Trough to its summit. In total, it reaches a height of 33,476 feet. 

4.  Go to http://www.west.net/~bandanna/surftext.html and read how Jack London, a famous writer, described his feelings towards surfing in an essay Surfing: A Royal Sport at the beginning of last century.  

5.  Love Hodel
Watch those parts of the programme that tell you something about Love Hodel and write a short report about him. You should include these aspects:
•	how old he is        
•	what his job is
•	what his days look like
•	in what way surfing on Hawaii has changed over the years   
•	why he gave up going to university
•	how much he earns
•	what he thinks about his way of life in general

6. First describe each of these two climate graphs. Compare the climate of Cologne with that of Honolulu and say why it is very good for surfers? 

These expressions may help you to describe and explain the climate graphs:

This is a climate graph for … in … / The graph shows the climate of … in …
The warmest / coolest / coldest month/s is / are …
The temperature range in … is … °C.
There is no / only a slight / a distinct variation in temperature.
The maximum / minimum precipitation / temperature is in …
Temperatures rise / fall steadily / quickly / rapidly / slowly … vary little / a great deal …
The mean monthly / annual temperature / rainfall is … 
The total amount of rainfall / precipitation …
The climate of … in … is extreme / mild / cool / hot / good for / influenced by …

7. Water Temperature
Hawaiian waters are inviting year-round, averaging 23° C and reaching close to 26° C in the summer months. Surf conditions vary year-round according to seasonal storms in the Pacific.

Go to http://www.hawaii.com/visit/activities/surfing.html and design a guide book for tourists who want to go surfing in Hawaii. You should include where surfers can go during the summer and the winter months, where experienced surfers can go, where it is relatively safe for beginners.  Don’t forget to point to the Ocean Safety Signs.  

8. "Surfin' Safari" is one famous song by the Beach Boys about surfing. In the Sixties the Beach Boys from California were a band as famous as The Beatles. 
Try to get hold of this song, listen to it and say what kind of feeling about surfing is expressed by this song.
 
Let's go surfin' now
Everybody's learning how
Come on and safari with me
(Come on and safari with...)

Early in the morning we'll be startin' out
Some honeys will be coming along
We're loading up our Woody
With our boards inside
And headin' out singing our song

They're anglin' in Laguna in Cerro Azul
They're kicking out in Dohini too
I tell you surfing's mighty wild
It's getting bigger every day
From Hawaii to the shores of Peru
…